{"id":35,"date":"2014-07-14T14:36:49","date_gmt":"2014-07-14T12:36:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/web.cut.ac.cy\/thyroid\/?page_id=35"},"modified":"2014-10-10T09:11:04","modified_gmt":"2014-10-10T07:11:04","slug":"thryroid_diseases","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/web.cut.ac.cy\/thyroid\/thryroid_diseases\/","title":{"rendered":"Thyroid diseases"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>Most common thyroid diseases<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><b>Hypothyroidism<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Low levels of thyroxine (T4) and elevated levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)<\/li>\n<li>Prevalence according to studies in Northern Europe, Japan and USA (Vanderpump, 2011)\n<ul>\n<li>Women: 0.6-12 per 1000<\/li>\n<li>Men: 1.3-4 per 1000<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Hyperthyroidism<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Elevated levels of thyroxine (T4) and low levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)<\/li>\n<li>Prevalence: 0.5-2%<\/li>\n<li>More common in women (Vanderpump, 2011).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Thyroid cancer<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Not as common as the other thyroid diseases<\/li>\n<li>Exhibits an increasing trend in annual incident cases<\/li>\n<li>Incidence\n<ul>\n<li>Europe: 12.3-40.7 per 100 000 in men and women respectively<\/li>\n<li>3<sup>rd<\/sup> most common type of cancer for females, in 2012, in Cyprus (Ferlay et al, 2013).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>T<\/strong><b>hyroid nodular disease<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lumps in the thyroid gland<\/li>\n<li>Histological classification: hyperplastic, neoplastic, colloid, cystic and thyroiditic (Salabe, 2001)<\/li>\n<li>Categories: benign or malignant\n<ul>\n<li>The majority of thyroid nodules are benign<\/li>\n<li>About 9.2-13% are malignant leading to thyroid cancer (Kwak, 2013).<\/li>\n<li>Prevalence: estimates depend on the demographic characteristics and screening method<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<pre><em>Sources\r\n<\/em><em style=\"font-size: 0.857142857rem;line-height: 1.714285714\">Ferlay, J., et al. 2013. Cancer incidence and mortality patterns in Europe: estimates for 40 countries in 2012.European journal of cancer, 49(6), pp.1374-1403.\r\n\r\n<\/em><em style=\"font-size: 0.857142857rem;line-height: 1.714285714\">Kwak, J. Y. 2013. Indications for Fine Needle Aspiration in Thyroid Nodules. \r\nEndocrinology and Metabolism, 28 (2), pp. 81--85.\r\n\r\n<em style=\"font-size: 0.857142857rem;line-height: 1.714285714\">Salabe, G. 2001. Pathogenesis of thyroid nodules: histological classification?. \r\nBiomedicine &amp; pharmacotherapy, 55(1), pp.39-53.\r\n\r\n<\/em><\/em><em style=\"font-size: 0.857142857rem;line-height: 1.714285714\">Vanderpump, M. 2011. The epidemiology of thyroid disease. \r\nBritish Medical Bulletin, 99, pp. 39\u201351.<\/em><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Most common thyroid diseases Hypothyroidism Low levels of thyroxine (T4) and elevated levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) Prevalence according to studies in Northern Europe, Japan and USA (Vanderpump, 2011) Women: 0.6-12 per 1000 Men: 1.3-4 per 1000 &nbsp; Hyperthyroidism &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/web.cut.ac.cy\/thyroid\/thryroid_diseases\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-35","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/web.cut.ac.cy\/thyroid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/web.cut.ac.cy\/thyroid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/web.cut.ac.cy\/thyroid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/web.cut.ac.cy\/thyroid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/web.cut.ac.cy\/thyroid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"http:\/\/web.cut.ac.cy\/thyroid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":385,"href":"http:\/\/web.cut.ac.cy\/thyroid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35\/revisions\/385"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/web.cut.ac.cy\/thyroid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}